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Language peer sets for MAD:
United States↑
United States/1959↑
Designed 1959 ↑
1950s languages ↑
Second generation↑
Early Cold War↑
Numerical Scientific ↑
Numerical Scientific/1959↑
Numerical Scientific/us ↑

MAD(ID:92/mad001)

Michigan Algorithm Decoder

alternate simple view

Country: United States
Designed 1959
Published: 1959
Sammet category: Numerical Scientific

for Michigan Algorithm Decoder.

R. Graham, Bruce Arden and Bernard Galler 1959 U Michigan.

Based on IAL.

For the IBM 704, 709 and 7090, later ported to Philco, Univac and CDC machines. According tho the Multicians there was unfinished Multics port.

MAD was one of the first extensible languages: the user could define his own operators and data types and by giving assembly code for their implementation. Also supported indexed function name variables.

"MAD is perhaps most famous for the line printer picture of Alfred E. Neumann which was printed when an attempted compilation had too many errors. Underneath the picture it printed the caption: See this man about your program--He might want to publish it. He never worries--but from the looks of your program, you should" (Gray)

Featured EQUIVALENCE, ERASABLE, and PROGRAM COMMON

According to Geller 2001, many of the advanced featured of MAD were placed into Fortran IV, but this fact was only ever privately admitted. The same article suggests that a lot of value was gained by seeing the source for Fortran II, and learning from its mistakes.

Hardware:

IBM 704 IBM

Related languages

Fischer IT	→	MAD		Implementation
IAL	→	MAD		Influence
		MAD	→ALGOL C	Influence
		MAD	→Data Structures Language	Dialect of
		MAD	→FORTRAN IV	Incorporated some features of
		MAD	→GOM	Port of
		MAD	→JOVIAL	Incorporated some features of
		MAD	→KLIPA	Mild Influence
		MAD	→KULSRUD	Target language for
		MAD	→MAD List Language	Extension of
		MAD	→MAD Simulation	Extension of
		MAD	→Mad/I	Evolution of
		MAD	→MADBLOC	Written using
		MAD	→MADBUG	Conversational system for
		MAD	→MADTRAN	Targetting
		MAD	→OCAL	Incorporated some features of
		MAD	→PK-MAD	Extension of
		MAD	→PUFFT	Influence
		MAD	→RALPH	Compiled by

Samples:

Misc snippet

References:

1959

Arden, Bruce W. (1959) Arden, Bruce W. "On the construction of algorithm translators" DOI
in (1959) SESSION: Automatic programming: algorithm translators
Carr, John W., III (1959) Carr, John W., III "Recursive subscripting compilers and list-type memories" pp4-6
in [ACM] (1959) [ACM] CACM 2(02) February 1959

1961

Arden, B. W., Galler, B. A. and Graham, R. M. (1961) Arden, B. W., Galler, B. A. and Graham, R. M. "Internal organization of the MAD translator" pp28-31 Extract: Introduction
in [ACM] (1961) [ACM] CACM 4(01) (Jan 1961)
Arden, B. W., Galler, B. A., and Graham, R. M., (1961) Arden, B. W., Galler, B. A., and Graham, R. M., "MAD at Michigan: its function & features" pp27-28 Extract: MAD at MICHIGAN
in (1961) Datamation 7(12) Dec 1961
Bagley, PR (1961) Bagley, PR "Improving problem-oriented language by stratifying it" pp217-221 Abstract
in (1961) The Computer Journal 4(3) October 1961
Blum (1961) Blum, E. K. review in ACM of Goodman (1961) Abstract Extract: Review
Organick, E. I. (1961) Organick, E. I. "A computer primer for the MAD language" Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., 1961
Sammet, Jean E (1961) Sammet, Jean E "1960 Tower of Babel" diagram on the front of CACM January 1961 Picture: Cover of ACM Communications December 1961
in [ACM] (1961) [ACM] CACM 4(01) (Jan 1961)

1962

Arden, B. W.; Galler, B. A., and Graham, R. M. (1962) Arden, B. W.; Galler, B. A., and Graham, R. M. "An algorithm for translating Boolean expressions" pp222-239 Abstract
in [ACM] (1962) [ACM] JACM 9(2) April 1962
Galler, Bernard A. (1962) Galler, Bernard A. "The language of computers". New York : McGraw-Hill, 1962. pp 189ff
Markstein, Peter W. (1962) Markstein, Peter W. review of Organick 1961 Abstract
in (1962) ACM Computing Reviews 3(04) July-August 1962
Smith, R. (1962) Smith, R. V. review of Organick 1961 Abstract
in (1962) ACM Computing Reviews 3(05) September-October 1962

1963

Ashenhurst, R. (1963) Ashenhurst, R. L. Review of Galler 1962 pp28-30 Abstract
in [ACM] (1963) ACM Computing Reviews 4(01) January-February, 1963
Bailey, M. J.; Barrett, M. P.; and Futrelle, R. P. (1963) Bailey, M. J.; Barrett, M. P.; and Futrelle, R. P. "Format-free input in FORTRAN" pp605-608
in [ACM] (1963) [ACM] CACM 6(10) (Oct 1963)
Fernando J. (1963) Fernando J. Corbat�, Jerome H. Saltzer, Neil Barta, and Thomas N. Hastings. An Abbreviated description of the MAD compiler language. M.I.T. Computation Center Memorandum CC-213. June, 1963.
Saltzer, Jerome H. (1963) Saltzer, Jerome H. CLSYS, a program to facilitate the use of the MAD translator for large (class-size) batches. M.I.T. Computation Center Memorandum CC-204. February, 1963.

1964

Bernard A. Galler: (1964) Bernard A. Galler: "Simple I/O" MAD statements.
in [ACM] (1964) [ACM] CACM 7(01) (Jan 1964).
Rosen, Saul (1964) Rosen, Saul "Compilers for student jobs" pp141.301-141.302 Extract: MAD
in (1964) Proceedings of the 19th ACM national conference January 1964
Rosen, Saul (1964) Rosen, Saul "Programming Systems and Languages: a historical Survey" (reprinted in Rosen, Saul (ed) Programming Systems & Languages. McGraw Hill, New York, 1967) Extract: The Algol 58-alike languages
in [AFIPS JCC 25] (1964) [AFIPS JCC 25] Proceedings of the 1964 Spring Joint Computer Conference SJCC 1964
(1964) Rosen, Saul review of Bailey et al 1963 Abstract
in (1964) ACM Computing Reviews 5(02) March-April 1964

1965

Crisman, P. (1965) Crisman, P. A. (Ed.) The time-sharing system: a programmer's guide. (2nd ed.) M.I.T. Press, Cambridge,Mass., 1966 Extract: LAnguages and Subsystems available
Fano, Robert (1965) Fano, Robert "The MAC system: a progress report" pp131-150
in Sass, M. (1965) Sass, M. and W. Wilkinson, eds. Computer Augmentation of Human Reasoning Spartan Books, Washington, D.C., 1965
Forsythe, George E. (1965) Forsythe, George E. "Welcoming remarks" pp137-138 Extract: Pragmatics of languages
in [ACM] (1966) [ACM] CACM 9(03) March 1966 includes proceedings of the ACM Programming Languages and Pragmatics Conference, San Dimas, California, August 1965
Goldstein (1965) Goldstein, M. "Computer Languages" The American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 72, No. 2, Part 2: Computers and Computing Feb., 1965 pp141-146 Extract: Languages scene

1966

[U Michigan] (1966) "Michigan Algorithm Decoder (The MAD Manual)", U Michigan Computing Center, 1966.
Marcowitz, Alan B and Schweppe, Earl J (1966) Marcowitz, Alan B and Schweppe, Earl J "An Introduction to Algorithmic Methods Using the MAD Language" Collier Macmillan IX, 1966

1967

(1967) Galler, BA review of Marcowitz and Schweppe 1966 (MAD) Abstract
in (1967) ACM Computing Reviews 8(01) January-February 1967
(1967) N L LAURANCE M K DE RONNE The MAD language for the Philco 211/212 Internal Report Ford Motor Scientific Lab 1967
Sammet, Jean E., (1967) Sammet, Jean E., "Roster of Programming Languages 1967"
in (1967) Computers & Automation 16(6) June 1967

1969

Brown (1969) Brown, Peter "A survey of macro processors" pp37-88
in Halpern, Mark I and Shaw Christopher J (eds) (1969) Halpern, Mark I and Shaw Christopher J (eds) "Annual Review in Automatic Programming" (6) 1969 Pergamon Press, Oxford
Bruce W. Arden , Bernard A. Galler , Robert M. Gra (1969) Bruce W. Arden , Bernard A. Galler , Robert M. Graham, "The MAD definition facility" p432-439 Abstract DOI
in [ACM] (1969) [ACM] CACM 12(08) (Aug 1969)
Rice, John K. and Rice, John R. (1969) Rice, John K. and Rice, John R. "Introduction to computer science" New York Holt, Rinehart & Winston 1969
Sammet, Jean E. (1969) Sammet, Jean E. "Computer Languages - Principles and History" Englewood Cliffs, N.J. Prentice-Hall 1969. p.205. Extract: The Michigan Algorithm Decoder

1972

Sammet, Jean E., (1972) Sammet, Jean E., "Programming languages: history and future"
in [ACM] (1972) [ACM] CACM 15(06) (June 1972)
Sammet (1972) Sammet, Jean E., "Roster of Programming Languages 1972" 157
in (1972) Computers & Automation 21(6B), 30 Aug 1972

1973

Sammet, Jean E. (1973) Sammet, Jean E. "Roster of Programming Languages for 1973" p147
in (1974) ACM Computing Reviews 15(04) April 1974
Stock and Stock (1973) Stock, Marylene and Stock, Karl F. "Bibliography of Programming Languages: Books, User Manuals and Articles from PLANKALKUL to PL/I" Verlag Dokumentation, Pullach/Munchen 1973 350 Abstract

1978

Sammet, Jean E (1978) Sammet, Jean E "Roster of programming languages for 1976-77" pp56-85
in [SIGPLAN] (1978) SIGPLAN Notices 13(11) Nov 1978

1990

Cyrus Levinthal (1990) Cyrus Levinthal "The origins of interactive molecular graphics" 1990 private note (details the pioneering use of MAD in this field) ONline copy at UMass Extract: Graphical debugger for chemicals

1999

J. Philip Benkard (1999) J. Philip Benkard "Functions and data can dance as equal partners" pdf Abstract Extract: Indexed function name variables

2000

(2000) Illuminatus-X FAQ Extract: For Values Of

2001

Galler (2001) Galler and Galler "A Career Interview with Bernie Galler" pp22-33 Abstract Extract: MAD
in (2001) IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, 23(1) January 2001

2002

George Gray (2002) George Gray "UNIVAC and ALGOL" Unisys History Newsletter 6(2) June 2002 Extract: Information Online copy at UNISIS History

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